Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://cr.elmerpub.com

Original Article

Volume 000, Number 000, June 2025, pages 000-000

Clinical Significance of Serum Total Testosterone Concentration in Japanese Elderly Women With Pre-Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

**Table 1.** Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
Characteristics	N = 232
Continuous values are mean ± SD or median (25-75th percentile). BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; d-ROMs: derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; IVSTd: interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole; LAD: left atrial dimension; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; RAS: renin-angiotensin system; SGLT2: sodium glucose cotransporter 2; T-T: serum total testosterone concentration.
Age (years)	80 ± 7
T-T (ng/dL)	26.2 (16.6 - 36.8)
Obesity, n (%)	32 (14)
Current smoker, n (%)	11 (5)
CAD, n (%)	57 (25)
Atrial fibrillation, n (%)	68 (29)
Hypertension, n (%)	172 (74)
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	137 ± 8
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	79 ± 9
Pulse rate (/min)	68 ± 11
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	54 (23)
Dyslipidemia, n (%)	151 (65)
IVSTd (mm)	12.0 ± 1.6
LVDd (mm)	45.1 ± 4.6
LVEF (%)	66.5 ± 7.7
LAD (mm)	42.2 ± 5.6
E/e' ratio	4.5 (12.1 - 16.6)
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)	65.6 (45.9 - 78.2)
BNP (pg/mL)	80.0 (37.0 - 191.0)
hs-cTnT (ng/mL)	0.007 (0.005 - 0.013)
hs-CRP (mg/L)	0.51 (0.26 - 1.23)
d-ROMs test (U.CARR)	295 ± 91
Medication
RAS inhibitor, n (%)	148 (64)
β-blocker, n (%)	34 (15)
Statin, n (%)	74 (32)
SGLT2 inhibitor, n (%)	16 (7)

Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population

Characteristics

N = 232

Continuous values are mean ± SD or median (25-75th percentile). BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; d-ROMs: derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; IVSTd: interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole; LAD: left atrial dimension; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; RAS: renin-angiotensin system; SGLT2: sodium glucose cotransporter 2; T-T: serum total testosterone concentration.

Age (years)

80 ± 7

T-T (ng/dL)

26.2 (16.6 - 36.8)

Obesity, n (%)

32 (14)

Current smoker, n (%)

11 (5)

CAD, n (%)

57 (25)

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

68 (29)

Hypertension, n (%)

172 (74)

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

137 ± 8

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

79 ± 9

Pulse rate (/min)

68 ± 11

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

54 (23)

Dyslipidemia, n (%)

151 (65)

IVSTd (mm)

12.0 ± 1.6

LVDd (mm)

45.1 ± 4.6

LVEF (%)

66.5 ± 7.7

LAD (mm)

42.2 ± 5.6

E/e' ratio

4.5 (12.1 - 16.6)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

65.6 (45.9 - 78.2)

BNP (pg/mL)

80.0 (37.0 - 191.0)

hs-cTnT (ng/mL)

0.007 (0.005 - 0.013)

hs-CRP (mg/L)

0.51 (0.26 - 1.23)

d-ROMs test (U.CARR)

295 ± 91

Medication

RAS inhibitor, n (%)

148 (64)

β-blocker, n (%)

34 (15)

Statin, n (%)

74 (32)

SGLT2 inhibitor, n (%)

16 (7)

**Table 2.** Correlation Between T-T and Various Clinical Characteristics
Characteristics	r	P value
r expressed correlation coefficient. BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; d-ROMs: derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; IVSTd: interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole; LAD: left atrial dimension; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; RAS: renin-angiotensin system; SGLT2: sodium glucose cotransporter 2; T-T: serum total testosterone concentration.
Age (actual value)	-0.20	0.002
Obesity (no = 0, yes = 1)	-0.02	0.733
Current smoker (no = 0, yes = 1)	0.06	0.399
CAD (no = 0, yes = 1)	-0.20	0.002
Atrial fibrillation (no = 0, yes = 1)	-0.12	0.073
Hypertension (no = 0, yes = 1)	0.04	0.521
Systolic blood pressure (actual value)	-0.01	0.863
Diastolic blood pressure (actual value)	-0.06	0.333
Pulse rate (actual value)	-0.05	0.422
Diabetes mellitus (no = 0, yes = 1)	-0.06	0.368
Dyslipidemia (no = 0, yes = 1)	-0.02	0.732
IVSTd (actual value)	-0.11	0.086
LVDd (actual value)	-0.10	0.117
LVEF (actual value)	0.05	0.483
LAD (actual value)	-0.12	0.075
eGFR (actual value)	0.15	0.018
BNP (actual value)	-0.31	< 0.001
hs-cTnT (actual value)	-0.33	< 0.001
hs-CRP (actual value)	-0.13	0.049
d-ROMs test (actual value)	-0.46	< 0.001
RAS inhibitor (no = 0, yes = 1)	0.13	0.052
β-blocker, (no = 0, yes = 1)	0.07	0.318
Statin (no = 0, yes = 1)	0.03	0.710
SGLT2 inhibitor, (no = 0, yes = 1)	0.08	0.300

Table 2. Correlation Between T-T and Various Clinical Characteristics

Characteristics

P value

r expressed correlation coefficient. BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; d-ROMs: derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVDd: left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; IVSTd: interventricular septal thickness at end-diastole; LAD: left atrial dimension; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; RAS: renin-angiotensin system; SGLT2: sodium glucose cotransporter 2; T-T: serum total testosterone concentration.

Age (actual value)

-0.20

0.002

Obesity (no = 0, yes = 1)

-0.02

0.733

Current smoker (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.06

0.399

CAD (no = 0, yes = 1)

-0.20

0.002

Atrial fibrillation (no = 0, yes = 1)

-0.12

0.073

Hypertension (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.04

0.521

Systolic blood pressure (actual value)

-0.01

0.863

Diastolic blood pressure (actual value)

-0.06

0.333

Pulse rate (actual value)

-0.05

0.422

Diabetes mellitus (no = 0, yes = 1)

-0.06

0.368

Dyslipidemia (no = 0, yes = 1)

-0.02

0.732

IVSTd (actual value)

-0.11

0.086

LVDd (actual value)

-0.10

0.117

LVEF (actual value)

0.05

0.483

LAD (actual value)

-0.12

0.075

eGFR (actual value)

0.15

0.018

BNP (actual value)

-0.31

< 0.001

hs-cTnT (actual value)

-0.33

< 0.001

hs-CRP (actual value)

-0.13

0.049

d-ROMs test (actual value)

-0.46

< 0.001

RAS inhibitor (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.13

0.052

β-blocker, (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.07

0.318

Statin (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.03

0.710

SGLT2 inhibitor, (no = 0, yes = 1)

0.08

0.300

**Table 3.** Multivariate Analysis for T-T
Variable	β	P value
R² = 0.344, P < 0.001. BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; d-ROMs: derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; R²: coefficient of determination; T-T: serum total testosterone concentration.
d-ROMs test	-0.36	< 0.001
BNP	-0.17	0.008
hs-cTnT	-0.15	0.017
E/e' ratio	-0.13	0.021
CAD	-0.13	0.022
Age	-0.11	0.065
hs-CRP	-0.02	0.768
eGFR	0.01	0.911

Table 3. Multivariate Analysis for T-T

Variable

P value

R² = 0.344, P < 0.001. BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; CAD: coronary artery disease; d-ROMs: derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-CRP: high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; R²: coefficient of determination; T-T: serum total testosterone concentration.

d-ROMs test

-0.36

< 0.001

BNP

-0.17

0.008

hs-cTnT

-0.15

0.017

E/e' ratio

-0.13

0.021

CAD

-0.13

0.022

Age

-0.11

0.065

hs-CRP

-0.02

0.768

eGFR

0.01

0.911