Cardiol Res

Cardiology Research, ISSN 1923-2829 print, 1923-2837 online, Open Access

Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, Cardiol Res and Elmer Press Inc

Journal website https://cr.elmerpub.com

Original Article

Volume 17, Number 2, April 2026, pages 120-127

Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer Through Early Statin Treatment in Advanced Atherosclerosis: An Observational Study

↓ **Table 1.** Baseline Characteristics of All Subjects by Risk Groups
Characteristics	Male, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa	Male, type III, IVb	P value	Female, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa	Female type III, IVb	P value
The mean values with the standard deviations or the percentages are shown. ^at-test; ^bχ² test; ^cFish’s exact test. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Min: minimum; Max: maximum.
N	2,097	415		1,737	91
Age	48 ± 6	54 ± 6	< 0.0001^a	48 ± 7	53 ± 6	< 0.0001^a
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²	27.31 ± 4.36	27.93 ± 3.81	0.004^a	25.19 ± 4.68	25.29 ± 4.3	0.834^a
Current smoker	473 (22.6%)	189 (45.5%)	< 0.0001^a	357 (20.0%)	45 (49.5%)	< 0.0001^a
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	149 ± 52	159 ± 32	< 0.0001^a	141 ± 33	157 ± 38	0.0007^a
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	51 ± 12	48 ± 10	0.0004^a	65 ± 15	62 ± 16	0.095^a
Triglycerides, mg/dL	168 ± 123	196 ± 126	0.0001^a	109 ± 58	135 ± 62	0.0019^a
SBP, mm Hg	127 ± 15	135 ± 20	< 0.0001^a	121 ± 16	129 ± 20	< 0.0001^a
DBP, mm Hg	81 ± 8	84 ± 10	< 0.0001^a	78 ± 9	79 ± 14	0.181^a
Diabetes mellitus	65 (3.1%)	35 (8.4%)	< 0.0001^b	25 (1.4%)	5 (5.5%)	0.0145^c
Antihypertensive therapy	384 (18.3%)	142 (34.2%)	< 0.0001^a	280 (16.1%)	38 (41.8%)	< 0.0001^b
Positive family history	448 (21.4%)	116 (28.0%)	0.006^a	478 (27.5%)	40 (44.0%)	< 0.0001^b
Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²	29 ± 61	149 ± 65	< 0.0001^a	17 ± 24	119 ± 55	< 0.0001^a
Plaque thickness (Max), mm	1.7 ± 0.7	2.9 ± 0.7	< 0.0001^a	1.6 ± 0.4	3.1 ± 0.6	< 0.0001^a
Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)	34 (1.6%)	124 (29.9%)	< 0.0001^b	3 (0.2%)	9 (9.9%)	< 0.0001^c
Event MACE	21 (1.0%)	69 (16.6%)	< 0.0002^b	2 (0.1%)	5 (5.5%)	< 0.0001^c
Carcinoma	26 (1.2%)	26 (6.3%)	< 0.0001^b	15 (0.9%)	4 (4.4%)	0.013^c
Death, all-cause	15 (0.7%)	42 (10.1%)	< 0.0001^b	4 (0.2%)	1 (1.1%)	0.225^c
Death, CVD	2 (0.1%)	22 (5.3%)	< 0.0001^c	1 (0.07%)	0	1^c
Death, carcinoma	5 (0.2%)	15 (3.6%)	< 0.0001^c	1 (0.07%)	1 (1.1%)	0.0097^c
Follow-up month (Min–Max)	87 (2–195)	80 (2–176)	0.002^a	79 (2–186)	78 (2–163)	0.805^a

↓ Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of All Subjects by Risk Groups

Characteristics

Male, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa

Male, type III, IVb

P value

Female, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa

Female type III, IVb

P value

The mean values with the standard deviations or the percentages are shown. ^at-test; ^bχ² test; ^cFish’s exact test. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Min: minimum; Max: maximum.

2,097

415

1,737

Age

48 ± 6

54 ± 6

< 0.0001^a

48 ± 7

53 ± 6

< 0.0001^a

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²

27.31 ± 4.36

27.93 ± 3.81

0.004^a

25.19 ± 4.68

25.29 ± 4.3

0.834^a

Current smoker

473 (22.6%)

189 (45.5%)

< 0.0001^a

357 (20.0%)

45 (49.5%)

< 0.0001^a

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

149 ± 52

159 ± 32

< 0.0001^a

141 ± 33

157 ± 38

0.0007^a

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

51 ± 12

48 ± 10

0.0004^a

65 ± 15

62 ± 16

0.095^a

Triglycerides, mg/dL

168 ± 123

196 ± 126

0.0001^a

109 ± 58

135 ± 62

0.0019^a

SBP, mm Hg

127 ± 15

135 ± 20

< 0.0001^a

121 ± 16

129 ± 20

< 0.0001^a

DBP, mm Hg

81 ± 8

84 ± 10

< 0.0001^a

78 ± 9

79 ± 14

0.181^a

Diabetes mellitus

65 (3.1%)

35 (8.4%)

< 0.0001^b

25 (1.4%)

5 (5.5%)

0.0145^c

Antihypertensive therapy

384 (18.3%)

142 (34.2%)

< 0.0001^a

280 (16.1%)

38 (41.8%)

< 0.0001^b

Positive family history

448 (21.4%)

116 (28.0%)

0.006^a

478 (27.5%)

40 (44.0%)

< 0.0001^b

Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²

29 ± 61

149 ± 65

< 0.0001^a

17 ± 24

119 ± 55

< 0.0001^a

Plaque thickness (Max), mm

1.7 ± 0.7

2.9 ± 0.7

< 0.0001^a

1.6 ± 0.4

3.1 ± 0.6

< 0.0001^a

Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)

34 (1.6%)

124 (29.9%)

< 0.0001^b

3 (0.2%)

9 (9.9%)

< 0.0001^c

Event MACE

21 (1.0%)

69 (16.6%)

< 0.0002^b

2 (0.1%)

5 (5.5%)

< 0.0001^c

Carcinoma

26 (1.2%)

26 (6.3%)

< 0.0001^b

15 (0.9%)

4 (4.4%)

0.013^c

Death, all-cause

15 (0.7%)

42 (10.1%)

< 0.0001^b

4 (0.2%)

1 (1.1%)

0.225^c

Death, CVD

2 (0.1%)

22 (5.3%)

< 0.0001^c

1 (0.07%)

1^c

Death, carcinoma

5 (0.2%)

15 (3.6%)

< 0.0001^c

1 (0.07%)

1 (1.1%)

0.0097^c

Follow-up month (Min–Max)

87 (2–195)

80 (2–176)

0.002^a

79 (2–186)

78 (2–163)

0.805^a

↓ **Table 2.** Baseline Characteristics of All Men With Type III and IVb
Characteristics	Male, type III, IVb without statin therapy	Male, type III, IVb with statin therapy	P value
The mean values with the standard deviations or the percentages are shown. ^at-test; ^bχ² test; ^cFish’s exact test. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Min: minimum; Max: maximum.
N	266	149
Age	53 ± 6	54 ± 6	0.056^a
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²	27.60 ± 3.81	28.20 ± 4.31	0.144^a
Current smoker	129 (48.5%)	60 (40.3%)	0.123^b
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	157 ± 32	161 ± 49	0.351^a
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	49 ± 10	47 ± 11	0.254^a
Triglycerides, mg/dL	197 ± 126	193 ± 127	0.789^a
SBP, mm Hg	134 ± 20	133 ± 15	0.478^a
DBP, mm Hg	84 ± 10	82 ± 8	0.014^a
Diabetes mellitus	20 (7.6%)	15 (10.0%)	0.364^b
Antihypertensive therapy	75 (28.2%)	67 (45.0%)	0.0006^b
Positive family history	76 (28.6%)	40 (26.8%)	0.707^b
Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²	146 ± 65	152 ± 59	0.229^a
Plaque thickness (Max), mm	2.9 ± 0.7	3.0 ± 0.8	0.151^a
Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)	100 (37.6%)	24 (16.1%)	< 0.0001^b
Event MACE	59 (22.2%)	10 (6.7%)	< 0.0001^b
Carcinoma	23 (8.6%)	3 (2.0%)	0.0059^c
Death, all-cause	33 (12.4%)	9 (6.0%)	0.042^c
Death, CVD	18 (6.8%)	4 (2.7%)	0.108^c
Death, carcinoma	13 (4.9%)	2 (1.3%)	0.097^c
Follow-up month (Min–Max)	75 (2–176)	88 (3–170)	0.001^a

↓ Table 2. Baseline Characteristics of All Men With Type III and IVb

Characteristics

Male, type III, IVb without statin therapy

Male, type III, IVb with statin therapy

P value

266

149

Age

53 ± 6

54 ± 6

0.056^a

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²

27.60 ± 3.81

28.20 ± 4.31

0.144^a

Current smoker

129 (48.5%)

60 (40.3%)

0.123^b

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

157 ± 32

161 ± 49

0.351^a

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

49 ± 10

47 ± 11

0.254^a

Triglycerides, mg/dL

197 ± 126

193 ± 127

0.789^a

SBP, mm Hg

134 ± 20

133 ± 15

0.478^a

DBP, mm Hg

84 ± 10

82 ± 8

0.014^a

Diabetes mellitus

20 (7.6%)

15 (10.0%)

0.364^b

Antihypertensive therapy

75 (28.2%)

67 (45.0%)

0.0006^b

Positive family history

76 (28.6%)

40 (26.8%)

0.707^b

Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²

146 ± 65

152 ± 59

0.229^a

Plaque thickness (Max), mm

2.9 ± 0.7

3.0 ± 0.8

0.151^a

Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)

100 (37.6%)

24 (16.1%)

< 0.0001^b

Event MACE

59 (22.2%)

10 (6.7%)

< 0.0001^b

Carcinoma

23 (8.6%)

3 (2.0%)

0.0059^c

Death, all-cause

33 (12.4%)

9 (6.0%)

0.042^c

Death, CVD

18 (6.8%)

4 (2.7%)

0.108^c

Death, carcinoma

13 (4.9%)

2 (1.3%)

0.097^c

Follow-up month (Min–Max)

75 (2–176)

88 (3–170)

0.001^a

↓ **Table 3.** Baseline Characteristics of All Women With Type III and IVb
Characteristics	Female type III, IVb without statin therapy	Female type III, IVb with statin therapy	P value
The mean values with the standard deviations or the percentages are shown. ^at-test; ^bχ² test; ^cFish’s exact test. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Min: minimum; Max: maximum.
N	54	37
Age	52 ± 6	55 ± 6	0.052^a
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²	25.30 ± 4.3	25.27 ± 5.3	0.978^a
Current smoker	26 (48.1%)	19 (51.4%)	0.764^b
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	158 ± 38	156 ± 43	0.816^a
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	64 ± 16	60 ± 12	0.246^a
Triglycerides, mg/dL	129 ± 62	143 ± 79	0.372^a
SBP, mm Hg	132 ± 20	126 ± 18	0.151^a
DBP, mm Hg	81 ± 14	79 ± 8	0.153^a
Diabetes mellitus	2 (3.7%)	3 (8.1%)	0.393^c
Antihypertensive therapy	20 (37.0%)	18 (48.6%)	0.269^b
Positive family history	26 (48.1%)	14 (37.8%)	0.33^b
Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²	112 ± 55	129 ± 72	0.208^a
Plaque thickness (Max), mm	3.1 ± 0.6	3.1 ± 0.6	0.996^a
Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)	8 (14.8%)	1 (2.7%)	0.077^c
Event MACE	4 (7.4%)	1 (2.7%)	0.644^c
Carcinoma	4 (7.4%)	0	0.143^c
Death, all-cause	1 (1.7%)	0	1^c
Death CVD	0	0	1^c
Death carcinoma	1 (1.7%)	0	1^c
Follow-up month (Min–Max)	71 (2–163)	89 (5–161)	0.027^a

↓ Table 3. Baseline Characteristics of All Women With Type III and IVb

Characteristics

Female type III, IVb without statin therapy

Female type III, IVb with statin therapy

P value

Age

52 ± 6

55 ± 6

0.052^a

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²

25.30 ± 4.3

25.27 ± 5.3

0.978^a

Current smoker

26 (48.1%)

19 (51.4%)

0.764^b

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

158 ± 38

156 ± 43

0.816^a

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

64 ± 16

60 ± 12

0.246^a

Triglycerides, mg/dL

129 ± 62

143 ± 79

0.372^a

SBP, mm Hg

132 ± 20

126 ± 18

0.151^a

DBP, mm Hg

81 ± 14

79 ± 8

0.153^a

Diabetes mellitus

2 (3.7%)

3 (8.1%)

0.393^c

Antihypertensive therapy

20 (37.0%)

18 (48.6%)

0.269^b

Positive family history

26 (48.1%)

14 (37.8%)

0.33^b

Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²

112 ± 55

129 ± 72

0.208^a

Plaque thickness (Max), mm

3.1 ± 0.6

0.996^a

Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)

8 (14.8%)

1 (2.7%)

0.077^c

Event MACE

4 (7.4%)

1 (2.7%)

0.644^c

Carcinoma

4 (7.4%)

0.143^c

Death, all-cause

1 (1.7%)

1^c

Death CVD

1^c

Death carcinoma

1 (1.7%)

1^c

Follow-up month (Min–Max)

71 (2–163)

89 (5–161)

0.027^a

↓ **Table 4.** Baseline Characteristics of All Men With Type I–IVa and Type III and IVb Without Therapy
Characteristics	Male, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa	Male, type III, IVb without statin therapy	P value
The mean values with the standard deviations or the percentages are shown. ^at-test; ^bχ² test; ^cFish’s exact test. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Min: minimum; Max: maximum.
N	2,097	266
Age	48 ± 6	53 ± 6	< 0.0001^a
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²	27.31 ± 4.36	27.60 ± 3.81	0.134^a
Current smoker	473 (22.6%)	129 (48.5%)	< 0.00001^b
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	149 ± 52	157 ± 32	0.0001^a
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	51 ± 12	49 ± 10	0.018^a
Triglycerides, mg/dL	168 ± 123	197 ± 126	0.0008^a
SBP, mm Hg	127 ± 15	134 ± 20	< 0.00001^a
DBP, mm Hg	81 ± 8	84 ± 10	< 0.00001^a
Diabetes mellitus	65 (3.1%)	20 (7.6%)	0.0002^b
Antihypertensive therapy	384 (18.3%)	75 (28.2%)	0.0001^b
Positive family history	448 (21.4%)	76 (28.6%)	0.0077^b
Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²	29 ± 61	146 ± 65	< 0.00001^a
Plaque thickness (Max), mm	1.7 ± 0.7	2.9 ± 0.7	< 0.00001^a
Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)	34 (1.6%)	100 (37.6%)	< 0.0001^b
Event MACE	21 (1.0%)	59 (22.2%)	< 0.0001^b
Carcinoma	26 (1.2%)	23 (8.6%)	< 0.0001^b
Death, all-cause	15 (0.7%)	33 (12.4%)	< 0.0001^b
Death, CVD	2 (0.1%)	18 (6.8%)	< 0.0001^c
Death, carcinoma	5 (0.2%)	13 (4.9%)	< 0.0001^c
Follow-up month (Min–Max)	87 (2–195)	75 (2–176)	< 0.00001^a

↓ Table 4. Baseline Characteristics of All Men With Type I–IVa and Type III and IVb Without Therapy

Characteristics

Male, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa

Male, type III, IVb without statin therapy

P value

2,097

266

Age

48 ± 6

53 ± 6

< 0.0001^a

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²

27.31 ± 4.36

27.60 ± 3.81

0.134^a

Current smoker

473 (22.6%)

129 (48.5%)

< 0.00001^b

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

149 ± 52

157 ± 32

0.0001^a

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

51 ± 12

49 ± 10

0.018^a

Triglycerides, mg/dL

168 ± 123

197 ± 126

0.0008^a

SBP, mm Hg

127 ± 15

134 ± 20

< 0.00001^a

DBP, mm Hg

81 ± 8

84 ± 10

< 0.00001^a

Diabetes mellitus

65 (3.1%)

20 (7.6%)

0.0002^b

Antihypertensive therapy

384 (18.3%)

75 (28.2%)

0.0001^b

Positive family history

448 (21.4%)

76 (28.6%)

0.0077^b

Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²

29 ± 61

146 ± 65

< 0.00001^a

Plaque thickness (Max), mm

1.7 ± 0.7

2.9 ± 0.7

< 0.00001^a

Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)

34 (1.6%)

100 (37.6%)

< 0.0001^b

Event MACE

21 (1.0%)

59 (22.2%)

< 0.0001^b

Carcinoma

26 (1.2%)

23 (8.6%)

< 0.0001^b

Death, all-cause

15 (0.7%)

33 (12.4%)

< 0.0001^b

Death, CVD

2 (0.1%)

18 (6.8%)

< 0.0001^c

Death, carcinoma

5 (0.2%)

13 (4.9%)

< 0.0001^c

Follow-up month (Min–Max)

87 (2–195)

75 (2–176)

< 0.00001^a

↓ **Table 5.** Baseline Characteristics of All Women With Type I–IVa and Type III and IVb Without Therapy
Characteristics	Female, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa	Female type III, IVb without statin therapy	P value
The mean values with the standard deviations or the percentages are shown. ^at-test; ^bχ² test; ^cFish’s exact test. BMI: body mass index; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CVD: cardiovascular disease; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; MACE: major adverse cardiovascular event; PTCA: percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Min: minimum; Max: maximum.
N	1,737	54
Age	48 ± 7	52 ± 6	0.0443^a
Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²	25.19 ± 4.68	25.30 ± 4.3	0.843^a
Current smoker	357 (20.0%)	26 (48.1%)	< 0.00001^b
LDL cholesterol, mg/dL	141 ± 33	158 ± 38	0.0043^a
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	65 ± 15	64 ± 16	0.583^a
Triglycerides, mg/dL	109 ± 58	129 ± 62	0.045^a
SBP, mm Hg	121 ± 16	132 ± 20	0.0001^a
DBP, mm Hg	78 ± 9	81 ± 14	0.0015^a
Diabetes mellitus	25 (1.4%)	2 (3.7%)	0.194^c
Antihypertensive therapy	280 (16.1%)	20 (37.0%)	< 0.0001^b
Positive family history	478 (27.5%)	26 (48.1%)	0.0009^b
Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²	17 ± 24	112 ± 55	< 0.0001^a
Plaque thickness (Max), mm	1.6 ± 0.4	3.1 ± 0.6	< 0.0001^a
Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)	3 (0.2%)	8 (14.8%)	< 0.0001^c
Event MACE	2 (0.1%)	4 (7.4%)	< 0.0001^c
Carcinoma	15 (0.9%)	4 (7.4%)	0.002^c
Death, all-cause	4 (0.2%)	1 (1.9%)	0.1421^c
Death, CVD	1 (0.07%)	0	1^c
Death, carcinoma	1 (0.07%)	1 (1.9%)	0.059^c
Follow-up month (Min–Max)	79 (2–186)	71 (2–163)	0.152^a

↓ Table 5. Baseline Characteristics of All Women With Type I–IVa and Type III and IVb Without Therapy

Characteristics

Female, type I, IIa, IIb, IVa

Female type III, IVb without statin therapy

P value

1,737

Age

48 ± 7

52 ± 6

0.0443^a

Body mass index (BMI), kg/m²

25.19 ± 4.68

25.30 ± 4.3

0.843^a

Current smoker

357 (20.0%)

26 (48.1%)

< 0.00001^b

LDL cholesterol, mg/dL

141 ± 33

158 ± 38

0.0043^a

HDL cholesterol, mg/dL

65 ± 15

64 ± 16

0.583^a

Triglycerides, mg/dL

109 ± 58

129 ± 62

0.045^a

SBP, mm Hg

121 ± 16

132 ± 20

0.0001^a

DBP, mm Hg

78 ± 9

81 ± 14

0.0015^a

Diabetes mellitus

25 (1.4%)

2 (3.7%)

0.194^c

Antihypertensive therapy

280 (16.1%)

20 (37.0%)

< 0.0001^b

Positive family history

478 (27.5%)

26 (48.1%)

0.0009^b

Tot plaque area (TPA), mm²

17 ± 24

112 ± 55

< 0.0001^a

Plaque thickness (Max), mm

1.6 ± 0.4

3.1 ± 0.6

< 0.0001^a

Event (MACE, CABG, PTCA)

3 (0.2%)

8 (14.8%)

< 0.0001^c

Event MACE

2 (0.1%)

4 (7.4%)

< 0.0001^c

Carcinoma

15 (0.9%)

4 (7.4%)

0.002^c

Death, all-cause

4 (0.2%)

1 (1.9%)

0.1421^c

Death, CVD

1 (0.07%)

1^c

Death, carcinoma

1 (0.07%)

1 (1.9%)

0.059^c

Follow-up month (Min–Max)

79 (2–186)

71 (2–163)

0.152^a

↓ **Table 6.** Mortality of All Men With and Without Statin Treatment (Including Low and Medium Risk)
Characteristics	Male type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb with statin therapy	Male type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb without statin therapy	P value
^aχ² test; ^bFish’s exact test. CVD: cardiovascular disease.
N	2,246	2,363
Death, all-cause	24 (01.1%)	48 (2.0%)	0.0084^a
Death, CVD	6 (0.3%)	20 (0.8%)	0.0097^b
Death, carcinoma	7(0.3%)	18 (0.8%)	0.0444^b

↓ Table 6. Mortality of All Men With and Without Statin Treatment (Including Low and Medium Risk)

Characteristics

Male type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb with statin therapy

Male type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb without statin therapy

P value

^aχ² test; ^bFish’s exact test. CVD: cardiovascular disease.

2,246

2,363

Death, all-cause

24 (01.1%)

48 (2.0%)

0.0084^a

Death, CVD

6 (0.3%)

20 (0.8%)

0.0097^b

Death, carcinoma

7(0.3%)

18 (0.8%)

0.0444^b

↓ **Table 7.** Mortality of All Women With and Without Statin Treatment (Including Low and Medium Risk)
Characteristics	Women type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb with statin therapy	Women type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb without statin therapy	P value
^aFish’s exact test. CVD: cardiovascular disease.
N	1,774	1,791
Death, all-cause	4 (0.2%)	5 (0.3%)	1^a
Death CVD	1 (0.3%)	1 (0.06%)	1^a
Death carcinoma	1 (0.3%)	1 (0.06%)	1^a

↓ Table 7. Mortality of All Women With and Without Statin Treatment (Including Low and Medium Risk)

Characteristics

Women type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb with statin therapy

Women type I, IIa, IIb, IVa, IVb without statin therapy

P value

^aFish’s exact test. CVD: cardiovascular disease.

1,774

1,791

Death, all-cause

4 (0.2%)

5 (0.3%)

1^a

Death CVD

1 (0.3%)

1 (0.06%)

1^a

Death carcinoma

1 (0.3%)

1 (0.06%)

1^a